Δευτέρα 31 Ιουλίου 2017

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2uRcPBM

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2tRKCcB

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2f0Zzqx

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2hgDF3i

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2f1d8Gs

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2hh4vs1

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vbHlcl

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vlLHxK

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2tX5Lq4

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2tWNyc9

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vlKExN

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vlv1GK

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vlBKQX

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2vlK3fP

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2wdVsdR

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete
Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2f1dYD9

A comparative evaluation of the remineralization potential of three commercially available remineralizing agents on white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study

A comparative evaluation of the remineralization potential of three commercially available remineralizing agents on white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study: Pujan Kamath, Rashmi Nayak, Shobha U Kamath, Deepika Pai

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):229-237

Background: The focus in caries management has shifted to early detection of caries lesions and targeted noninvasive management of incipient lesions using novel remineralizing agents. Aim: This study aimed to compare and evaluate the remineralization potential of commercially available agents containing nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on artificially induced white spot lesions in primary teeth. Settings and Design: This is an in vitro double-blind randomized study. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted or exfoliated primary teeth were selected and randomized as follows: Group I: FTCP, Group II: fluoridated dentifrice, Group III: CPP-ACPF, and Group IV: Nano-HA. DIAGNOdent readings and scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were carried out at baseline. The samples were subjected to the test agents after inducing white spot lesions. The readings were repeated postdemineralization and postremineralization. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 software with one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey's HSD, and paired t-test. Results: SEM evaluation showed favorable surface changes in all the four study groups after remineralization therapy. Intragroup comparison of DIAGNOdent and EDX readings showed a highly significant difference between baseline, postdemineralization, and postremineralization values. However, the intergroup comparison was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: All test agents were comparable in their remineralization potential.

http://ift.tt/2vkx79U

Antrochoanal polyp arising from benign pseudocyst of maxillary antrum

Antrochoanal polyp arising from benign pseudocyst of maxillary antrum: Neha Keshri, Avi Bansal, Gourav Popli, Arvind Venkatesh, Siddhartha Goel

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):275-278

Antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) are benign lesions that arise from the mucosa of the maxillary antrum, grow into the maxillary sinus, and reach the choana with nasal obstruction being their main symptom. Most of these lesions are small and clinically silent and found as incidental finding, but large cysts which occupy the entire antrum have also been reported in literature. Nasal endoscopy and computer tomography (CT) are the golden standard in the diagnosis of ACPs, and enucleation by Caldwell–Luc approach is the recommended treatment for larger antral cysts. This article is a report of a 9-year-old male patient diagnosed with ACP arising from a benign cyst of maxillary antrum with characteristic clinical, CT, and histopathological features along with brief review of literature.

http://ift.tt/2vkHlqF

Behavioral changes during dental appointments in children having tooth extractions

Behavioral changes during dental appointments in children having tooth extractions: Mariana Gonzalez Cademartori, Priscila Martins, Ana Regina Romano, Marília Leao Goettems

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):223-228

Background: Tooth extractions are associated with anxiety-related situations that can cause behavioral problems in pediatric dental clinics. Aim: We aimed to describe the behavior of children during tooth extraction appointments, compare it to their behavior in preceding and subsequent dental appointments, and assess the behavioral differences according to gender, age, type of dentition, and reason for extraction. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective study based on information obtained from records of children between 6 and 13 years of age who were cared for at the Dentistry School in Pelotas, Brazil. Materials and Methods: Child behavior was assessed during the dental appointment that preceded the tooth extraction, during the tooth extraction appointment, and in the subsequent dental appointment using the Venham Behavior Rating Scale. Statistical Analysis: Results were analyzed using the Pearson Chi-square and McNemar tests. Results: Eighty-nine children were included. Cooperative behavior prevailed in all the dental appointments. The prevalence of “mild/intense protest” was higher in the tooth extraction appointments than in the previous or subsequent dental appointments (P < 0.001). No significant differences in behavior were detected between the type of dentition (primary or permanent teeth), reason for extraction or gender. Conclusion: In this sample of children treated at a dental school, the occurrence of uncooperative behavior was higher during the tooth extraction appointments than in the preceding and subsequent dental appointments.

http://ift.tt/2vkPOtU

A comparison of various minimally invasive techniques for the removal of dental fluorosis stains in children

A comparison of various minimally invasive techniques for the removal of dental fluorosis stains in children: Aarushi Gupta, Renuka Dhingra, Payal Chaudhuri, Anil Gupta

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):260-268

Context: Dental fluorosis is caused by successive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development leading to enamel with lower mineral content and increased porosity. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of minimally invasive techniques for the removal of dental fluorosis stains in children in vivo. Design: Ninety children in the age group of 10–17 years were selected. Materials and Methods: The study sample was equally and randomly divided into three groups; Group 1: In-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) activated by light-emitting diode (LED) bleaching unit (35% HP), Group 2: Enamel microabrasion (EM) followed by in-office bleaching with 44% carbamide peroxide gel (EM), Group 3: In-office bleaching with 5% sodium hypochlorite (5% NaOCl). Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA test. Results: Bleaching with 35% HP activated by LED bleaching unit and EM followed by bleaching with 44% carbamide peroxide were equally effective for the removal of dental fluorosis stains in children in vivo. However, bleaching with 5% NaOCl could not completely remove moderate to severe stains. It was effective in removing only mild stains. Bleaching and microabrasion procedures caused slight decrease in tooth sensitivity readings by electric pulp vitality tester which continued to increase over time. However, none of the patients reported sensitivity in their teeth at any point of time. Patients were highly satisfied with the treatment outcome postoperatively but reported slight relapse of color in the three groups. Conclusions: Bleaching and microabrasion techniques can consider as an interesting alternatives to conventional operative treatment options.

http://ift.tt/2vkL7k6

Barriers to dental care for children with special needs: General dentists' perception in Kerala, India

Barriers to dental care for children with special needs: General dentists' perception in Kerala, India: Amith Adyanthaya, Natta Sreelakshmi, Sajeela Ismail, Marium Raheema

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):216-222

Introduction: Special children are among the underserved dental patient groups around the globe. Oral health care for disabled children remain an unmet challenge. One out of two persons with a significant disability cannot find a professional resource to provide appropriate dental care. Identification of barriers can be the first step in addressing the deficiencies in dental care for such patients. Aim: To investigate the perception of dental practitioners in Kerala, India regarding the hurdles faced by them in providing dental care to Special Needs Children including the challenges faced by them. Materials and Method: 149 dental professionals were interviewed through a questionnaire for their perceived barriers to provide oral health care for children with special needs. Statistical analysis: The data was obtained and Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression model were assessed using the SPSS version 20.0. All analyses were performed using a level of 0.05 for statistical significance. Results: Greatest barriers as perceived by the practitioners were their level of training and lack of motivation of caretakers. Significant association was found between experience of the dentist with the frequency with which they reported seeing children with special needs (p

http://ift.tt/2vkPQlw

Barriers to dental care for children with special needs: General dentists' perception in Kerala, India

http://ift.tt/2wcSWV6

A comparative study to associate the presence of neonatal line in deciduous teeth of infants with the occurrence of live birth

A comparative study to associate the presence of neonatal line in deciduous teeth of infants with the occurrence of live birth: Shruti Srinivasan, Prashanth Sadashiva Murthy, Seema Deshmukh, NM Shamsundar

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):249-253

Context: The prominent striae of retzius corresponding to the occurrence of live birth is known as the neonatal line (NNL). The very presence of this line indicates the exposure of the infant to the stressful event of birth. Aims: The study was aimed at locating the NNL in the developing primary teeth of the neonate and associating the presence of NNL to the occurrence of live birth. Materials and Methods: The donated bodies of the neonates were taken, and a surgical incision was made along the crest of the alveolar ridge in the maxillary anterior region, enabling the careful removal of the tooth germs from within the jaw segment. The maxillary central incisor tooth germs were embedded in acrylic and viewed under the stereomicroscope, polarized microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical Analysis: This being a pilot observational study, no statistical analysis methods were employed. Results: The NNL was best visualized under polarized microscopy and was clearly appreciated in the control samples and faintly seen in the 10-day-old neonate. No evidence of the line was present in the tooth germ of the stillborn child. Conclusion: The very presence of the NNL indicates that the infant was alive during the stressful process of birth. This can be used as substantial evidence in infanticide cases brought before the law.

http://ift.tt/2wdbkNW

Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among visually impaired children attending special schools of Chhattisgarh

Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among visually impaired children attending special schools of Chhattisgarh: Harsha Munot, Alok Avinash, Nilotpol Kashyap, Rashmi Baranwal, Brij Kumar, Maylavarapu Krishna Sagar

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):209-215

Background: Studies on dental trauma of the normal population have been carried out in the past; however, limited data are available on dental trauma of the handicapped population, especially visually impaired children in Chhattisgarh, India. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in visually impaired children in relation to age, cause, and place of injury. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological study was carried out among 400 children from various special schools of visually impaired children of Chhattisgarh followed by school dental checkup camps. All the children completed a questionnaire related history of trauma, cause, and place. The prevalence of TDIs in each special child was recorded based on the Epidemiological classification of TDIs by the WHO and was modified by Andreasen et al. (2007). Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. The level of significance was fixed at P ≤ 0.05. Association between categorical variables was done using Chi-square test. Results: The results showed that out of 400 children, 39% suffered from TDIs. Permanent maxillary central incisors were most commonly injured teeth with injuries involving enamel (53%) being most frequently observed. Increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage were significantly associated with the occurrence of trauma. Conclusion: As blind children are at the risk of multiple TDI, it is necessary to create awareness, health education, and periodic screening for appropriate management.

http://ift.tt/2wd6mAt

Comparative evaluation of microleakage between bulk esthetic materials versus resin-modified glass ionomer to restore Class II cavities in primary molars

Comparative evaluation of microleakage between bulk esthetic materials versus resin-modified glass ionomer to restore Class II cavities in primary molars: Vellore Kannan Gopinath

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):238-243

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the microleakage of one high-viscosity conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) and a bulk-fill composite resin, in comparison to a resin-modified GIC in Class II restorations in primary molars. Materials and Method: Standardized Class II slot cavity preparations were prepared in exfoliating primary molars. Teeth were restored using one of the three materials tested (n = 10): SonicFill bulk-fill composite resin (SF), EQUIA Fil conventional reinforced GIC (EQF), and Vitremer resin-reinforced GIC (VT). The restorations were then subjected to thermocycling procedure (×2000 5°C–55°C 10 s/min) and soaked in 1% neutralized fuchsin solution (pH: 7.4) for 24 h at 37°C. Teeth were sectioned longitudinally in a mesiodistal direction under continuous cooling into three slabs of 1 mm thickness and studied under a stereomicroscope for dye penetration. Statistical Analysis: Data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's multiple comparison test employing 95% (α = 0.05). Results: EQF and SF showed significantly lower microleakage scores and percentage of dye penetration (%RL) when compared to VT resin-reinforced GIC (P < 0.001). Conclusion: SF and EQF produced the minimum microleakage when compared to VT in Class II restorations on primary molars. Fewer application procedures and reduction in treatment time in SF and EQF systems proved advantageous in pediatric dentistry.

http://ift.tt/2wcOQwq

Assessment of dental caries and periodontal status in institutionalized hearing impaired children in Khordha District of Odisha

Assessment of dental caries and periodontal status in institutionalized hearing impaired children in Khordha District of Odisha: Avinash Jnaneswar, Goutham Bala Subramaniya, Jayashree Pathi, Kunal Jha, Vinay Suresan, Gunjan Kumar

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):203-208

Introduction: Over 5% of the world's population has disabling hearing loss. The oral health of the disabled may be disused for the reason of the disabling condition, a challenging disease or the limited access to oral health care. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal status of institutionalized hearing impaired (HI) children in Khordha district of Odisha. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study on the HI children was conducted in Khordha district, Odisha. Type III examination procedure was conducted to assess the oral health status of the children. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square test and Student's t-test, and the significance level was fixed at P < 0.05. Results: The final population consisted of 540 HI children out of which 262 (48.5%) were male and 278 (51.5%) were female, 285 (52.8%) children had severe hearing loss and 227 (42.0%) had profound hearing loss. Bleeding on probing was found in 72 (13.3%) female children as compared to 57 (10.6%) male children. While 131 (24.3%) female children had calculus, 124 (23.0%) male children had the same condition. Total caries prevalence was 19.3%. Statistically highly significant difference was found for mean decayed teeth (DT), missing teeth decayed, missing filled teeth (FT) (P < 0.001), while for mean FT there was no statistically significant difference according to age groups. Statistically highly significant difference was found for mean DT, extracted teeth and decayed, extracted, filled teeth (P < 0.001). Conclusion: An improved accessibility to dental services as well as dental health education is necessary to ensure the optimum dental health within the reach of these less fortunate children.

http://ift.tt/2wd0Xtl

A novel approach for prosthodontic management of patient with cleft of palate

A novel approach for prosthodontic management of patient with cleft of palate: Shalini Goyal, Sapna Rani, Salil Pawah, Pankaj Sharma

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):279-281

Nutrition is important in every stage of child development. A child born with cleft lip and palate may experience difficulties while feeding due to the lack of seal of the oral cavity due to incomplete facial and palatal structures. Difficulty in feeding leads to inadequate nutrition and affects the health. Children with cleft lip and palate need certain modifications to thrive and grow. Feeding difficulties should be assessed and intervened as early as possible, as they are an important aspect of multidisciplinary team approach in management and may have an impact on long-term outcome. This case report presents fabrication of feeding appliance in 6-month-old infant with cleft palate with ethylene vinyl acetate.

http://ift.tt/2wd30h0

A novel approach for prosthodontic management of patient with cleft of palate

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Assessment of fluoride retention in jowar consuming population: A cross-sectional study

Assessment of fluoride retention in jowar consuming population: A cross-sectional study: G Dhanu, R Shiny, R Havale, SP Shrutha

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):198-202

Introduction: Dental fluorosis is considered as a serious public health problem in India. Water is usually the major source of fluoride exposure, but this is not the case always as exposure to local factors like diet can be important in some situations. Earlier studies have shown that jowar (a millet) consumption interacts with fluoride in the body and elevate fluorosis. Aim and Objective: To determine the association between jowar consumption and severity of dental fluorosis. Materials and Methods: Hundred schoolgoing children of 10–14 years old was selected by random sampling from Wadloor village. Dental fluorosis was measured in children by Thylstrup–Fejerskov index (1988). Twenty-four hours diet recall method was used to know the exposure to jowar of the children. A pretested questionnaire was given to mother or caretaker to record the jowar consumption. Spot urine samples of children were collected in plastic containers (20 ml) and brought to the laboratory in icebox. Ion selective electrode method was used to measure the fluoride level in urine samples of children. Results: On comparison of the quantity of jowar and fluorosis using Pearson Chi-square test, difference among variable was found out to be statistically significant (P = 0.013, P < 0.05). On comparison of quantity jowar consumption and urinary fluoride level using Pearson Chi-square test, the difference among variable was found statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Jowar consuming population was positively associated with severity of dental fluorosis.

http://ift.tt/2vkLvz3

Effect of three commercially available chewing gums on salivary flow rate and pH in caries-active and caries-free children: An in vivo study

Effect of three commercially available chewing gums on salivary flow rate and pH in caries-active and caries-free children: An in vivo study: Usha Kiran Vantipalli, Sai Sankar Jogendra Avula, Sridevi Enuganti, Sujatha Bandi, Pranitha Kakarla, Raja Vardhan Kuravadi

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):254-259

Background and Aim: Adequate salivary flow is an important requisite in the maintenance of oral health. Salivary flow increases in response to both gustatory (taste) and mechanical (chewing) stimuli. Hence, the aim of the present study was to know the efficacy of commercially available chewing gums (sugar free and sugared) on salivary flow rate (SFR) and pH in caries-active and caries-free children. Materials and Methods: One hundred school children aged between 10 and 12 years were divided into two groups on the basis of their caries status into caries free and caries active. Unstimulated saliva was collected before start of the study. Both groups were subjected to three commercially available chewing gums (2 sugar free, 1 sugared) on consecutive days, and saliva was collected at intervals of 2 min (T2), 10 min (T10), and 30 min (T30). The pH and flow rate of saliva samples were measured before and specified time intervals after gum chewing. Results: In both the groups, gum chewing increased the SFR, significantly at T2, and gradually declined at T30 which was significantly higher than baseline values. The pH raised significantly at T2 and gradually declined at T30 which was significantly higher than baseline values with sugar-free gums, but with sugared gums, the pH raised slightly at T2 and dropped significantly at T30. However, no statistically significant differences in pH and flow rate were noticed in both the groups. Conclusion: Chewing of sugar-free gums in both caries-active and caries-free children may aid in reducing the incidence of dental caries.

http://ift.tt/2vkEBcX

Assessment of maternal risk factors and its relationship with early childhood caries among preschool children in Mangaluru city

Assessment of maternal risk factors and its relationship with early childhood caries among preschool children in Mangaluru city: Sham S Bhat, Sundeep Hegde, Vidya Bhat, KM Ramya, Praveen Jodalli

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):193-197

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the maternal risk factors and its relationship with early childhood caries (ECC) among preschoolchildren in Mangaluru city. Methods: Children aged 3–5 years attending preschool (Anganwadi) and their mothers were included in the study. A total of 120 child–mother pairs participated in the study. The maternal risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. After obtaining the consent, the mother and their children were clinically examined for dental caries using the WHO criteria (1997). Results were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results: Significant difference was found in mother's caries activity, high level of Streptococcus mutans, brushing frequency, diet of the mother, and their child's caries experience. Conclusion: A relationship between maternal risk factors and ECC is a result of a multifactorial and a comprehensive model that includes psychological and behavioral aspects. Caries prevention strategy should be that every child should receive oral care before age of one so that needful children can be instituted with preventive measures and their parents can be targeted for educational programs.

http://ift.tt/2vkEApp

The ethical commandments include an umbrella of terms from honesty to responsibility including: Human subjects protection Objectivity and integrity Respect for intellectual property Confidentiality Responsible mentoring Nondiscrimination Competence Social responsibility..............................................................Publication ethics and etiquette: The golden commandments!

Publication ethics and etiquette: The golden commandments!: Sudhindra Baliga

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):187-187

In recent times, ethical issues related to publishing have remained rather elusive. Authors, editors, and publishers all have ethical onuses for publication of research. When we talk about ethics, it usually conveys a set of rules distinguishing among right and wrong or a code of professional conduct.

Ethics and ethical rules are so pervasive that they are regarded as ordinary common sense. Yet, the field of research and publishing reveals so many ethical disputes and issues. Integrity in research publication has become a major issue of debate over the past years. Among the cases seen each year by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the worst are about fraud, plagiarism, redundant publication, and undeclared conflicts of interest, but by far the most numerous are about disputes between authors.

From a journal's point of view, ethical misconduct and plagiarism are almost always considered to be intentional, willful, and premeditated. The scientific community has made considerable progress in detecting this misconduct in recent years as a result of the deployment of computer software. However, plagiarism of ideas is difficult to prove than plagiarism of text.

JISPPD follows the guidelines of publishing ethics as per COPE. We value the importance of academic precision and peer-review process in ensuring sound ethical conduct of research. Education in research ethics for author(s), the journal editor, the peer reviewers, and the publishers would surely help researchers grapple with the ethical dilemmas they are likely to encounter. There are various forms of unethical practices that authors resort to, sometimes intentionally, and occasionally by accident. Being aware of publication ethics will help consciously avoid such misconduct and perform honest ethical research and pursue publications.

The ethical commandments include an umbrella of terms from honesty to responsibility including:

Human subjects protection
Objectivity and integrity
Respect for intellectual property
Confidentiality
Responsible mentoring
Nondiscrimination
Competence
Social responsibility.

Truly, the burden is on all researchers to increase education and cognizance of ethical issues concerning scientific publications. Precisely, as with Dharma starts the great work Bhagavad Gita; ethical conduct (dharma) is truly the need of the hour in academic publishing.

“Satyameva jayate nanritam”

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Assessment of malocclusion severity and orthodontic treatment needs in 12–15-year-old school children of Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, using Dental Aesthetic Index

Assessment of malocclusion severity and orthodontic treatment needs in 12–15-year-old school children of Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, using Dental Aesthetic Index: S Nagalakshmi, S James, C Rahila, K Balachandar, R Satish

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):188-192

Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12–15-year-old schoolchildren in rural area of Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India, using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 1078 schoolchildren (12–15 years of age) who were selected by two-stage cluster sampling technique. Severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs were assessed according to the DAI using a specially designed survey pro forma with the aid of the WHO's Oral Health Survey: Basic Methods. Based on the distribution of data, analysis of variance and unpaired student t-test were used. Results: Out of the total of 1078 children examined, 528 (49%) were males and 550 (57%) were females. The results indicate that 82.74% of the schoolchildren were found with little or no malocclusion requiring no orthodontic treatment. The gender-wise distribution of DAI score among children aged 12 years had significant difference between males (20.43 ± 3.67) and females (21.62 ± 4.335) (P = 0.015) and children aged 15 years also showed highly significant difference among gender (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Malocclusion not only impacts the appearance of the person but also affects the self-esteem and psychological well-being. This is the first step in understanding the treatment need so that further steps can be taken in preventive and interceptive care.

http://ift.tt/2wdbkxq

Volumetric evaluation of various obturation techniques in primary teeth using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study

Volumetric evaluation of various obturation techniques in primary teeth using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study: NB Nagaveni, Sneha Yadav, P Poornima, KP Bharath, Mebin George Mathew, PG Naveen Kumar

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):244-248

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficiency of five different obturation methods in delivering the filling material into the canals of primary teeth using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scan. Method: A total of fifty prepared canals of primary teeth which further divided into five groups with ten canals in each group were obturated with zinc oxide-eugenol cement using five different obturation methods such as endodontic plugger, lentulo spiral (handheld), lentulo spiral mounted on slow speed handpiece, local anesthetic syringe, and tuberculin syringe. Using CBCT scan, the pre- and post-obturation volume and the percentage of obturated volume (POV) were calculated for each group. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Following CBCT scan, the method obturated with lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece showed the highest POV value followed by the method of lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece, hand plugger, and tuberculin syringe. Local anesthetic syringe gave the least POV (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece showed the best technique of obturation using CBCT evaluation among the five groups evaluated in primary teeth. However, more studies are highly essential to prove it a boon for estimating obturation quality in primary teeth.

http://ift.tt/2wd2Aaw

Volumetric evaluation of various obturation techniques in primary teeth using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study

http://ift.tt/2vkHbQg

Bismuth subnitrate iodoform parafin paste used in the management of inflammatory follicular cyst – Report of two cases

Bismuth subnitrate iodoform parafin paste used in the management of inflammatory follicular cyst – Report of two cases: Abdul Morawala, Dayanand Shirol, Yusuf Chunawala, Nupur Kanchan, Mayuri Kale

Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2017 35(3):269-274

Dentigerous cyst or follicular cyst is a type of odontogenic cyst which encloses the crown of an unerupted tooth and is attached to the amelocemental junction and is the second most common odontogenic cyst contributing about 16.6% to 21.3% of all odontogenic cysts. Occurrence of Dentigerous cysts according to Shear is usually in 3rd and 4th decade in contrast to this finding Shibata et al showed that the age of discovery of the dentigerous cyst was generally 9–11 years. The treatment indicated for dentigerous cysts are surgical enucleation of the cyst, along with removal of the involved tooth; or the use of a marsupialization technique, which removes the cyst while preserving the developing tooth. The present case report describes the management of dentigerous cysts in children with the use of Bismuth Subnitrate Iodoform Paste.

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Bismuth subnitrate iodoform parafin paste used in the management of inflammatory follicular cyst – Report of two cases

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Prognostic role of ABO blood type in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type: a triple-center study

Prognostic role of ABO blood type in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type: a triple-center study:

Abstract

Background

The prognostic significance of ABO blood type for lymphoma is largely unknown. We evaluated the prognostic role of ABO blood type in patients with extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 697 patients with newly diagnosed ENKTL from three cancer centers. The prognostic value of ABO blood type was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models. The prognostic values of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and the Korean Prognostic Index (KPI) were also evaluated.

Results

Compared with patients with blood type O, those with blood type non-O tended to display elevated baseline serum C-reactive protein levels (P = 0.038), lower rate of complete remission (P = 0.005), shorter progression-free survival (PFS, P < 0.001), and shorter overall survival (OS, P = 0.001). Patients with blood type O/AB had longer PFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P = 0.001) compared with those with blood type A/B. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age >60 years (P < 0.001), mass ≥5 cm (P = 0.001), stage III/IV (P < 0.001), elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P = 0.001), and blood type non-O were independent adverse predictors of OS (P = 0.001). ABO blood type was found to be superior to both the IPI in discriminating patients with different outcomes in the IPI low-risk group and the KPI in distinguishing between the intermediate-to-low- and high-to-intermediate-risk groups.

Conclusions

ABO blood type was an independent predictor of clinical outcome for patients with ENKTL.

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Treatment of Keratoacanthoma with 5% Imiquimod Cream

doi: 10.5021/ad.2011.23.3.357

PMCID: PMC3162267

Treatment of Keratoacanthoma with 5% Imiquimod Cream and Review of the Previous Report

Hye Chan Jeon, M.D., Mira Choi, M.D., Seung Hwan Paik, M.D., Chang Ho Ahn, M.D., Hyun Sun Park, M.D., andKwang Hyun Cho, M.D. corresponding author

Corresponding author.

Corresponding author: Kwang Hyun Cho, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2072-2412, Fax: 82-2-742-7344, rk.ca.uns@ohchk

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INTRODUCTION

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a benign epidermal tumor, characterized by rapid and abundant growth, a tendency toward spontaneous regression, and histopathologic similarity to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Since the first case of solitary KA was reported in 1889, there have been debates on whether KA is benign or not, because of its histological resemblance to SCC. In typical cases, the policy of watchful waiting may be adopted, because KA usually regresses spontaneously. However, because of the frequent misdiagnosis of SCC as KA and the possibility of destruction of cosmetically significant organs, treatments have usually been recommended. Therapeutic options include complete excision, radiation therapy, intralesional injection of chemotherapeutic agents, oral retinoids and photodynamic therapy. Recently, there are a few reports of successful treatment of KA by applying 5% imiquimod cream (imidazolquinoline, Aldara®). Here we present 4 cases of KA successfully treated with topical imiquimod.

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CASE REPORT

Case 1

An 82-year-old Korean man presented with a well-demarcated round nodule on the left shoulder. The lesion appeared 1 month earlier. The physical examination revealed a well-circumscribed, 1.2 cm round nodule with a central ulcer on his left shoulder (Fig. 1A). He was healthy but a light smoker. After histopathological evaluation, the diagnosis of KA was confirmed. After 6 weeks of treatment with the imiquimod cream three times per week, the lesion significantly regressed. After 11 weeks, it was completely cleared (Fig. 1B). There were neither scars nor recurrence after 4 years follow-up.

Fig. 1

(A) The lesion of case 1 on the left shoulder before therapy. (B) The lesion regressed completely after 11 weeks.

Case 2

A 62-year-old Korean woman presented with a walnut-sized black-crusted crateriform tumor on her nose that had been present for a few months (Fig. 2A). The lesion was previously treated with carbon dioxide laser, but it recurred. She was systemically well and no enlarged lymph node was found. After histopathological study, the diagnosis of KA was confirmed. We treated her with applying imiquimod cream 3 times a week. After 6 weeks, the skin lesion remarkably decreased in size. After 10 weeks, the lesion was completely cleared leaving a scar (Fig. 2B). The application was maintained for another 2 weeks. She remained asymptomatic over a 10-month follow-up.

Fig. 2

(A) The lesion of case 2 before therapy. (B) The lesion regressed completely after 10 weeks.

Case 3

A 64-year-old man came to our clinic complaining of a rapidly growing firm round erythematous 1.2 cm sized nodule with a keratin plug on his right cheek (Fig. 3A), which had appeared 3 weeks ago. He had hypercholesterolemia and benign prostatic hypertrophy. We diagnosed it as KA clinically from the short history and the typical picture, and imiquimod cream was applied 3 times a week. Inflammatory reaction appeared after 2 weeks of application, but we encouraged him to continue the treatment. The tumor remarkably regressed after 5 weeks. After 9 weeks, the lesion was completely cleared leaving a scar. The treatment was maintained for another 4 weeks (Fig. 3B). No new lesions were seen at 1-year follow-up.

Fig. 3

(A) The lesion of case 3 on the right cheek before therapy. (B) The lesion regressed completely after 13 weeks.

Case 4

An 85-year-old man presented with a well-circumscribed firm dome-shaped ulcerative nodule of 1.5 cm diameter on his right cheek (Fig. 4A). The lesion first appeared 3 months earlier and was treated 2 times with intralesional methotrexate injection, but relapsed. Histopathological examination suggested KA, but a highly differentiated SCC could not be completely excluded. We treated him with the imiquimod cream application 3 to 4 times a week. Obvious improvement was observed after 4 weeks. After 10 weeks, the lesion was completely cleared leaving a scar. The treatment was continued for another 2 weeks (Fig. 4B) and no recurrence was observed over a period of 6 months.

Fig. 4

(A) The lesion of case 4 before therapy. (B) The lesion regressed completely after 12 weeks.

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DISCUSSION

Solitary KA, the most common subtype of KA, is a rapidly growing tumor that reaches 10 to 25 mm in diameter in 6 to 8 weeks,. It develops into a firm dome-shaped flesh-colored tumor with a central keratin-filled crater. After rapid proliferation, a mature KA undergoes regression in 4 to 6 weeks, leaving an atrophic and hypopigmented scar,. This process from proliferation to regression usually takes about 4 to 9 months, but there are some persistent cases which last for over 1 year.

KA is regarded as a tumor which is derived from follicular infundibulum. This explains its common involvement to the hair-bearing areas, like the face, neck, and hands. However, keratin analyses of KA show the characteristics of both follicular differentiation and SCC. In addition, KA usually demonstrated a histopathologic pattern often resembling that of a typical SCC, and there is no criterion to distinguish KA from SCC with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, local destructions following rapid growth and metastases to other organs were observed in a few cases, although they had a tendency to spontaneously regress. In addition, treatment minimizes scarring which helps better cosmetic results. Therefore, treatment is recommended in most cases.

Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice, but complete excision can be too destructive and cosmetically or functionally unacceptable for tumors on cosmetically important sites. There are many other treatment options of KA with various outcomes, such as cryotherapy, radiotherapy, intralesional injection of chemotherapeutic agent or interferon alpha, and topical 5-fluorouracil with a variable success rate.

These treatment options have some limitations. Surgical interventions (laser-, electro- and cryo-surgery) may also lead to substantial defects with functional or cosmetic morbidity, and may not allow the histopathologic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Radiotherapy is an effective treatment of KA, but it is inappropriate for younger patients and is inconvenient because of the need for multiple visits to the hospital. Intralesional injection of chemotherapeutic agent has also proved therapeutically successful. However, intralesional methotrexate therapy can have adverse events like pancytopenia, so a complete blood cell count should be considered to monitor for potential cytopenia. Also, intralesional 5-fluorouracil requires anesthesia for local pain control, with injections performed at consecutive week intervals.

Recently, there are some reports of successful treatment with topical imiquimod (Table 1)-, a widely used topical immunomodulator in the group of toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonist. Four to 11 weeks of application were required for the treatment, and sometimes adverse events which depended on the inflammation resulting from the immunological reaction, such as burning sensation, erythema and erosions occurred. In spite of these inconveniences, KA can be treated with topical imiquimod, because of lower invasiveness, non-inferiority in functional or cosmetic outcome and recent cases of successful treatment with topical imiquimod.

Table 1

Previously reported cases of keratoacanthoma treated with imiquimod cream. The average duration to obvious improvement was 5.0±1.8 weeks, and that to complete remission was 7.4±2.2 weeks

We analyzed 18 cases of KA treated with topical imiquimod (previously reported cases and ours). Data were statistically analyzed with a Mann-Whitney test using the SPSS version 17.0 statistical package (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). There were no statistically significant differences between previously reported cases and ours, except in the period of time to gain complete remission (p=0.005). The medians of the duration to complete remission were 6 weeks in 14 previously reported cases (range of 4 to 11 weeks), and 10 weeks in our 4 cases (range of 9 to 11 weeks).

Frequent application of imiquimod at the initial treatment was reported to induce a prompt regression of KA15. However, the analysis of previously reported cases showed no statistically significant difference in the duration to remission between cases applied once per day (median: 6.5 weeks; range of 5 to 8 weeks) and less than once per day (median: 6 weeks; range of 4 to 11 weeks; p=0.755). Similarly, the duration to complete remission was not related to age, size and the duration of KA.

The longer duration to complete remission in our cases may be caused by lack of histopathologic confirmation of remission, not by the frequency of application of initiation therapy. The duration required for clinical complete remission may be longer than that of histopathological remission, because the inflammation induced by imiquimod can make it difficult for clinicians to judge clinical cure. Mature KA undergoes regression in 6 weeks and topical imiquimod can promote the regression of KAs. Furthermore, in previous cases of KA treated with imiquimod (Table 1), the average duration to obvious improvement was 5 weeks, and that to complete remission was 7.4 weeks. Therefore, after 5 to 8 week application, the lesions should be considered for biopsy to judge histopathological cure, if serial biopsies are not acceptable cosmetically.

In conclusion, topical imiquimod can be an effective option for the non-operative management of KA. For shortening the duration of the treatment, the histopathological confirmation of complete remission should be suggested. Further study is needed to investigate effective application frequency and duration of maintenance.

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References

1. Karaa A, Khachemoune A. Keratoacanthoma: a tumor in search of a classification. Int J Dermatol. 2007;46:671–678. [PubMed]

2. Beham A, Regauer S, Soyer HP, Beham-Schmid C. Keratoacanthoma: a clinically distinct variant of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Adv Anat Pathol. 1998;5:269–280. [PubMed]

3. Kwittken J. A histologic chronology of the clinical course of the keratocarcinoma (so-called keratoacanthoma) Mt Sinai J Med. 1975;42:127–135. [PubMed]

4. Griffiths RW. Keratoacanthoma observed. Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57:485–501. [PubMed]

5. Seifert A, Nasemann T. Keratoacanthoma and its clinical variants. Review of the literature and histopathologic analysis of 90 cases. Hautarzt. 1989;40:189–202. [PubMed]

6. Yoshikawa K, Katagata Y, Kondo S. Relative amounts of keratin 17 are higher than those of keratin 16 in hair-follicle-derived tumors in comparison with nonfollicular epithelial skin tumors. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;104:396–400. [PubMed]

7. Schwartz RA. Keratoacanthoma: a clinico-pathologic enigma. Dermatol Surg. 2004;30:326–333.[PubMed]

8. Yuge S, Godoy DA, Melo MC, Sousa DS, Soares CT. Keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum: response to topical 5-fluorouracil. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(5 Suppl):S218–S219. [PubMed]

9. Vergara A, Isarría MJ, Domínguez JD, Gamo R, Rodríguez Peralto JL, Guerra A. Multiple and relapsing keratoacanthomas developing at the edge of the skin grafts site after surgery and after radiotherapy. Dermatol Surg. 2007;33:994–996. [PubMed]

10. Annest NM, VanBeek MJ, Arpey CJ, Whitaker DC. Intralesional methotrexate treatment for keratoacanthoma tumors: a retrospective study and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:989–993. [PubMed]

11. Dendorfer M, Oppel T, Wollenberg A, Prinz JC. Topical treatment with imiquimod may induce regression of facial keratoacanthoma. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;13:80–82. [PubMed]

12. Bhatia N. Imiquimod as a possible treatment for keratoacanthoma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2004;3:71–74.[PubMed]

13. Di Lernia V, Ricci C, Albertini G. Spontaneous regression of keratoacanthoma can be promoted by topical treatment with imiquimod cream. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004;18:626–629. [PubMed]

14. Kim YJ, Hwang ES, Son SW, Kim IH. Topical treatment with 5% imiquimod for solitary keratoacanthoma. Korean J Dermatol. 2004;42:1321–1324.

15. Ko NY, Park JH, Son SW, Kim IH. Treatment of keratoacanthoma with 5% imiquimod cream. Ann Dermatol. 2006;18:14–17.

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17. Paternò EJ, Campione E, Diluvio L, Orlandi A, Chimenti S. Imiquimod for restoring local immunity in a renal transplant patient with persistent keratoacanthoma. Dermatol Online J. 2008;14:8. [PubMed]

Articles from Annals of Dermatology are provided here courtesy of Korean Dermatological Association and Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology

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Endoscopic screening for synchronous esophageal neoplasia among patients with incident head and neck cancer: Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes

Endoscopic screening for synchronous esophageal neoplasia among patients with incident head and neck cancer: Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes:

Abstract

Esophageal squamous-cell neoplasia (ESCN) is a common second primary neoplasia found in patients with head-and-neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study sought to identify the risk factors for synchronous ESCN and how they influence survival in HNSCC patient. 815 incident HNSCC patients were prospectively recruited for endoscopy screening for ESCN using white-light imaging, narrow-band imaging, Lugol chromoendoscopy, and pathological confirmation. Associated lifestyle and clinicopathological data were collected. The interquartile follow-up period cutoffs were 11.3, 20.5 and 34.9 months. 124 patients (15.2%) were diagnosed as having synchronous ESCN (66 low-grade dysplasia, 29 high-grade dysplasia and 29 esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma). Consumption of alcohol, but not betel nut or cigarette, was significantly associated with the presence of synchronous ESCN (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]= 7.1 and 10.9 for former and current drinkers respectively). There was an interaction between cumulative dose of alcohol consumption and alcohol flushing response on the development of ESCN. High-dose drinkers with flush response were 16.9 times more likely to have esophageal high-grade dysplasia/SCC than non-drinkers. Compared with oral cavity cancer patients, those with hypopharyngeal, laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer were 6.8, 4.6 and 2.8 times more likely to have esophageal high-grade dysplasia/SCC. HNSCC patients with synchronous ESCN had lower overall survival than those without (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, surveillance of ESCN is strongly recommended for the high-risk subpopulation of HNSCC patients, especially drinkers who have a flush response to alcohol, and those with distant metastasis of index cancer and cancers in hypopharynx, oropharynx and larynx. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Πληροφορίες

Δευτέρα 31 Ιουλίου 2017

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Treatment of Keratoacanthoma with 5% Imiquimod Cream and Review of the Previous Report

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

CASE REPORT

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

Case 4

DISCUSSION

References

Abstract

Δημοφιλείς αναρτήσεις

Αγευσία

Ανοσμία

Απώλεια ακοής