Device Life of the Tracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis Revisited.

Device Life of the Tracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis Revisited.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Sep 29;

Authors: Lewin JS, Baumgart LM, Barrow MP, Hutcheson KA

Abstract
Importance: Voice prosthesis (VP) device life is a limiting factor of tracheoesophageal (TE) voice restoration that drives patient satisfaction, health care costs, and overall burden. Historic data suggest that TE VPs have an average device life of generally 3 to 6 months, but these data are typically derived from small samples using only 1 or 2 devices.
Objective: To reexamine current device life in a large, contemporary cancer hospital in the United States that uses a wide assortment of VPs.
Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective observational study included 390 laryngectomized patients with a tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) who had VP management at MD Anderson Cancer Center between July 1, 2003, and December 31, 2013.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Tracheoesophageal voice-related outcomes were: (1) device life duration to VP removal, and (2) treatment-related and prosthetic-related factors influencing device failure. Primary independent variables included treatment history (extent of surgery and radiation history), VP type (indwelling vs nonindwelling, size, specialty features), and reason for removal (leakage, complication, other). Duration was examined using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Disease, treatment, and patient-specific factors were analyzed as predictors of duration.
Results: Overall, 3648 VPs were placed in the 390 patients (median [range] age, 62 [34-92] years). Indwelling prostheses accounted for more than half (56%) of the devices placed (55%, 20-Fr diameter; 33%, 8-mm length). More than two-thirds (69%) of prostheses were removed because of leakage, while the rest were removed for other reasons. Median device life was 61 days for all prostheses. Indwelling and nonindwelling VPs had median device lives of 70 and 38 days, respectively. There was no significant difference between specialty prostheses compared with standard devices (median duration, 61 vs 70 days, respectively). The Provox ActiValve (Atos Medical) had the longest life. Neither radiation therapy nor extent of surgery had a meaningful impact on device life.
Conclusions and Relevance: Our data suggest that VP duration demonstrates a lower durability than historically reported. This may reflect the intensification of treatment regimens that complicate TEP management in an era of organ preservation; however, further investigation is needed.

PMID: 27684464 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

http://ift.tt/2dAul8h


http://ift.tt/2drYDoQ

Prosthetic Voice Rehabilitation Following Laryngectomy: It's the Archer Not the Arrow.

Prosthetic Voice Rehabilitation Following Laryngectomy: It's the Archer Not the Arrow.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Sep 29;

Authors: Abemayor E

PMID: 27684361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

http://ift.tt/2dbSqzG


http://ift.tt/2dwsxsZ

A Young Man With Hypercalcemia.

A Young Man With Hypercalcemia.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Sep 29;

Authors: Yousif J, Birkeland AC, Spector ME

PMID: 27684299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

http://ift.tt/2dAuQPW


http://ift.tt/2dctSKn

Treatment of periorbital wrinkles using multipolar fractional radiofrequency

 in Korean patients:

Abstract

A limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of electrode pin fractional radiofrequency (FRF) for periorbital wrinkle treatment in Asian patients, but none have measured noninvasive methodological objective parameters such as periorbital wrinkle area. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of electrode pin multipolar FRF for the improvement of periorbital wrinkles in Korean patients by using a noninvasive methodological objective parameter. Seventy female subjects with periorbital wrinkles (age range, 40–60 years) participated in this study. Each patient underwent three sessions of FRF treatment to the periorbital region separated by 2-week intervals. The area of periorbital wrinkles was analyzed by using a Robo Skin Analyzer CS50 at 4 weeks after the final treatment session. Periorbital wrinkle area was significantly decreased at 1-month follow-up (75.77 ± 29.46 mm²) compared to baseline (94.74 ± 31.62 mm²). The improvement ratio of periorbital wrinkle area was 20.02 %. Side effects were limited to transient mild erythema, swelling, and crusts. Pain was tolerable without local anesthesia. Our findings suggest that the multipolar electrode pin FRF can be an effective and safe method for reducing periorbital wrinkles in Asian patients.



http://ift.tt/2dAzihH

Probiotic Fermented Foods

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods.:

J Vis Exp. 2016;(115)

Authors: Westerik N, Wacoo AP, Sybesma W, Kort R

Abstract

A novel dried bacterial consortium of Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba 2012 and Streptococcus thermophilus C106 is cultured in 1 L of milk. This fresh starter can be used for the production of fermented milk and other fermented foods either at home or at small-scale in rural settings. For the fresh starter, 1 L of milk is pasteurized in a pan that fits into a larger pan containing water, placed on a source of heat. In this water bath, the milk is heated and incubated at 85 °C for 30 min. Thereafter, the milk is cooled down to 45 °C, transferred to a vacuum flask, inoculated with the dried bacteria and left for at least 16 hr between 30 °C and 45 °C. For the purpose of frequent home production, the fresh starter is frozen into ice cubes, which can be used for the production of small volumes of up to 2 L of fermented milk. For the purpose of small-scale production in resource-poor countries, pasteurization of up to 100 L of milk is conducted in milk cans that are placed in a large sauce pan filled with water and heated on a fire at 85 °C for 30 min, and subsequently cooled to 45 °C. Next, the 100 L batch is inoculated with the 1 L freshly prepared starter mentioned before. To assure an effective fermentation at a temperature between 30 and 45 °C, the milk can is covered with a blanket for 12 hr. For the production of non-dairy fermented foods, the fresh starter is left in a cheese cloth for 12 hr, and the drained-off whey can be subsequently used for the inoculation of a wide range of food raw materials, including vegetables and cereal-based foods.

PMID: 27684196 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]



http://ift.tt/2dc1Yef

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors.

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

J Vis Exp. 2016;(115)

Authors: Fox AJ, Hiemenz MC, Lieberman DB, Sukhadia S, Li B, Grubb J, Candrea P, Ganapathy K, Zhao J, Roth D, Alley E, Loren A, Morrissette JJ

Abstract

As our understanding of the driver mutations necessary for initiation and progression of cancers improves, we gain critical information on how specific molecular profiles of a tumor may predict responsiveness to therapeutic agents or provide knowledge about prognosis. At our institution a tumor genotyping program was established as part of routine clinical care, screening both hematologic and solid tumors for a wide spectrum of mutations using two next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels: a custom, 33 gene hematological malignancies panel for use with peripheral blood and bone marrow, and a commercially produced solid tumor panel for use with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue that targets 47 genes commonly mutated in cancer. Our workflow includes a pathologist review of the biopsy to ensure there is adequate amount of tumor for the assay followed by customized DNA extraction is performed on the specimen. Quality control of the specimen includes steps for quantity, quality and integrity and only after the extracted DNA passes these metrics an amplicon library is generated and sequenced. The resulting data is analyzed through an in-house bioinformatics pipeline and the variants are reviewed and interpreted for pathogenicity. Here we provide a snapshot of the utility of each panel using two clinical cases to provide insight into how a well-designed NGS workflow can contribute to optimizing clinical outcomes.

PMID: 27684276 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]



http://ift.tt/2dc2dWp

Generation of Two-color Antigen Microarrays for the Simultaneous Detection of IgG and IgM Autoantibodies.

Generation of Two-color Antigen Microarrays for the Simultaneous Detection of IgG and IgM Autoantibodies

J Vis Exp. 2016;(115)

Authors: Chruscinski A, Huang FY, Ulndreaj A, Chua C, Fehlings M, Rao V, Ross HJ, Levy GA

Abstract

Autoantibodies, which are antibodies against self-antigens, are present in many disease states and can serve as markers for disease activity. The levels of autoantibodies to specific antigens are typically detected with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. However, screening for multiple autoantibodies with ELISA can be time-consuming and requires a large quantity of patient sample. The antigen microarray technique is an alternative method that can be used to screen for autoantibodies in a multiplex fashion. In this technique, antigens are arrayed onto specially coated microscope slides with a robotic microarrayer. The slides are probed with patient serum samples and subsequently fluorescent-labeled secondary antibodies are added to detect binding of serum autoantibodies to the antigens. The autoantibody reactivities are revealed and quantified by scanning the slides with a scanner that can detect fluorescent signals. Here we describe methods to generate custom antigen microarrays. Our current arrays are printed with 9 solid pins and can include up to 162 antigens spotted in duplicate. The arrays can be easily customized by changing the antigens in the source plate that is used by the microarrayer. We have developed a two-color secondary antibody detection scheme that can distinguish IgG and IgM reactivities on the same slide surface. The detection system has been optimized to study binding of human and murine autoantibodies.

PMID: 27685156 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]



http://ift.tt/2deWIae

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens.

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens

J Vis Exp. 2016;(115)

Authors: Augustine SA, Eason TN, Simmons KJ, Curioso CL, Griffin SM, Ramudit MK, Plunkett TR

Abstract

The etiology and impacts of human exposure to environmental pathogens are of major concern worldwide and, thus, the ability to assess exposure and infections using cost effective, high-throughput approaches would be indispensable. This manuscript describes the development and analysis of a bead-based multiplex immunoassay capable of measuring the presence of antibodies in human saliva to multiple pathogens simultaneously. Saliva is particularly attractive in this application because it is noninvasive, cheaper and easier to collect than serum. Antigens from environmental pathogens were coupled to carboxylated microspheres (beads) and used to measure antibodies in very small volumes of human saliva samples using a bead-based, solution-phase assay. Beads were coupled with antigens from Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, noroviruses (G I.1 and G II.4) and hepatitis A virus. To ensure that the antigens were sufficiently coupled to the beads, coupling was confirmed using species-specific, animal-derived primary capture antibodies, followed by incubation with biotinylated anti-species secondary detection antibodies and streptavidin-R-phycoerythrin reporter (SAPE). As a control to measure non-specific binding, one bead set was treated identically to the others except it was not coupled to any antigen. The antigen-coupled and control beads were then incubated with prospectively-collected human saliva samples, measured on a high throughput analyzer based on the principles of flow cytometry, and the presence of antibodies to each antigen was measured in Median Fluorescence Intensity units (MFI). This multiplex immunoassay has a number of advantages, including more data with less sample; reduced costs and labor; and the ability to customize the assay to many targets of interest. Results indicate that the salivary multiplex immunoassay may be capable of identifying previous exposures and infections, which can be especially useful in surveillance studies involving large human populations.

PMID: 27685162 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]



http://ift.tt/2deVhIT

Stimulation from Cochlear Implant Electrodes Assists with Recovery from Asymmetric Perceptual Tilt: Evidence from the Subjective Visual Vertical Test.

Stimulation from Cochlear Implant Electrodes Assists with Recovery from Asymmetric Perceptual Tilt: Evidence from the Subjective Visual Vertical Test

Front Integr Neurosci. 2016;10:32

Authors: Gnanasegaram JJ, Parkes WJ, Cushing SL, McKnight CL, Papsin BC, Gordon KA

Abstract

Vestibular end organ impairment is highly prevalent in children who have sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) rehabilitated with cochlear implants (CIs). As a result, spatial perception is likely to be impacted in this population. Of particular interest is the perception of visual vertical because it reflects a perceptual tilt in the roll axis and is sensitive to an imbalance in otolith function. The objectives of the present study were thus to identify abnormalities in perception of the vertical plane in children with SNHL and determine whether such abnormalities could be resolved with stimulation from the CI. Participants included 53 children (15.2 ± 4.0 years of age) with SNHL and vestibular loss, confirmed with vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing. Testing protocol was validated in a sample of nine young adults with normal hearing (28.8 ± 7.7 years). Perception of visual vertical was assessed using the static Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) test performed with and without stimulation in the participants with cochleovestibular loss. Trains of electrical pulses were delivered by an electrode in the left and/or right ear. Asymmetric spatial orientation deficits were found in nearly half of the participants with CIs (24/53 [45%]). The abnormal perception in this cohort was exacerbated by visual tilts in the direction of their deficit. Electric pulse trains delivered using the CI shifted this abnormal perception towards center (i.e., normal; p = 0.007). Importantly, this benefit was realized regardless of which ear was stimulated. These results suggest a role for CI stimulation beyond the auditory system, in particular, for improving vestibular/balance function.

PMID: 27679562 [PubMed]



http://ift.tt/2deVhcb

Employment of Near Full-Length Ribosome Gene TA-Cloning and Primer-Blast to Detect Multiple Species in a Natural Complex Microbial Community Using Species-Specific Primers Designed with Their Genome Sequences

Abstract

It remains an unsolved problem to quantify a natural microbial community by rapidly and conveniently measuring multiple species with functional significance. Most widely used high throughput next-generation sequencing methods can only generate information mainly for genus-level taxonomic identification and quantification, and detection of multiple species in a complex microbial community is still heavily dependent on approaches based on near full-length ribosome RNA gene or genome sequence information. In this study, we used near full-length rRNA gene library sequencing plus Primer-Blast to design species-specific primers based on whole microbial genome sequences. The primers were intended to be specific at the species level within relevant microbial communities, i.e., a defined genomics background. The primers were tested with samples collected from the Daqu (also called fermentation starters) and pit mud of a traditional Chinese liquor production plant. Sixteen pairs of primers were found to be suitable for identification of individual species. Among them, seven pairs were chosen to measure the abundance of microbial species through quantitative PCR. The combination of near full-length ribosome RNA gene library sequencing and Primer-Blast may represent a broadly useful protocol to quantify multiple species in complex microbial population samples with species-specific primers.

http://ift.tt/2drWwS4


http://ift.tt/2cGiG1Y

Laboratory Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Infection

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) infections are potentially life threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. The initial clinical presentations of many CNS infections are non-specific, making a definitive etiologic diagnosis challenging. Nucleic acid in vitro amplification-based molecular methods are increasingly being applied for routine microbial detection. These methods are a vast improvement over conventional techniques with the advantage of rapid turnaround and higher sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, molecular methods performed on cerebrospinal fluid samples are considered the new gold standard for diagnosis of CNS infection caused by pathogens, which are otherwise difficult to detect. Commercial diagnostic platforms offer various monoplex and multiplex PCR assays for convenient testing of targets that cause similar clinical illness. Pan-omic molecular platforms possess potential for use in this area. Although molecular methods are predicted to be widely used in diagnosing and monitoring CNS infections, results generated by these methods need to be carefully interpreted in combination with clinical findings. This review summarizes the currently available armamentarium of molecular assays for diagnosis of central nervous system infections, their application, and future approaches.

http://ift.tt/2dggTTP


http://ift.tt/2dwlOUj

Ocular Syphilis: a Clinical Review

Abstract

While ocular syphilis is not a new phenomenon, recent increased rates of new diagnoses, especially in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons and men who have sex with men, have sparked a new interest in an old disease. This article will review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular syphilis, and provide guidance on management.

http://ift.tt/2dJLkEu


http://ift.tt/2cGj2WJ

Central Nervous System Device Infections

Abstract

Nosocomial meningitis can occur in association with central nervous system (CNS) devices such as cerebrospinal shunts or drains, intrathecal pumps, and deep brain stimulators and carry substantial morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing and treating these infections may be challenging to physicians as cerebrospinal fluid cultures may be negative due to previous antibiotic therapy and cerebrospinal abnormalities may be secondary to the primary neurosurgical issue that prompted the placement of the CNS device (e.g., "chemical meningitis" due to intracranial hemorrhage). Besides antibiotic therapy given intravenously and sometimes intrathecally, removal of the device with repeat cultures prior to re-implantation is key in achieving successful outcomes.

http://ift.tt/2dghftA


http://ift.tt/2dwlk0q

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in HIV-Uninfected Individuals

Abstract

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the human neurotropic polyomavirus JC (JCV). The disease occurs virtually exclusively in immunocompromised individuals, and, prior to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, was seen most commonly in the setting of HIV/AIDS. More recently, however, the incidence of PML in HIV-uninfected persons has increased with broader use of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory medications utilized in a variety of systemic and neurologic autoimmune disorders. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of PML in HIV-uninfected individuals, as well as diagnostic modalities and the limited treatment options. Moreover, we describe recent findings regarding the neuropathogenesis of PML, with specific focus on the unique association between PML and natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody that prevents trafficking of activated leukocytes into the CNS that is used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

http://ift.tt/2dJLYli


http://ift.tt/2cGj0y1

Opioid-Sparing Effect of Ketamine in Children: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Published Studies

Abstract

Introduction

Reducing postoperative opioid consumption is a priority given its impact upon recovery, and the efficacy of ketamine as an opioid-sparing agent in children is debated. The goal of this study was to update a previous meta-analysis on the postoperative opioid-sparing effect of ketamine, adding trial sequential analysis (TSA) and four new studies.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify clinical trials that examined ketamine as a perioperative opioid-sparing agent in children and infants. Outcomes measured were postoperative opioid consumption to 48 h (primary outcome: postoperative opioid consumption to 24 h), postoperative pain intensity, postoperative nausea and vomiting and psychotomimetic symptoms. The data were combined to calculate the pooled mean difference, odds ratios or standard mean differences. In addition to this classical meta-analysis approach, a TSA was performed.

Results

Eleven articles were identified, with four added to seven from the previous meta-analysis. Ketamine did not exhibit a global postoperative opioid-sparing effect to 48 postoperative hours, nor did it decrease postoperative pain intensity. This result was confirmed using TSA, which found a lack of power to draw any conclusion regarding the primary outcome of this meta-analysis (postoperative opioid consumption to 24 h). Ketamine did not increase the prevalence of either postoperative nausea and vomiting or psychotomimetic complications.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis did not find a postoperative opioid-sparing effect of ketamine. According to the TSA, this negative result might involve a lack of power of this meta-analysis. Further studies are needed in order to assess the postoperative opioid-sparing effects of ketamine in children.

http://ift.tt/2deTt2B


http://ift.tt/2dwl8ya

Erratum to: Impact of Bi-Axial Shear on Atherogenic Gene Expression by Endothelial Cells

http://ift.tt/2cQbDaw


http://ift.tt/2cGhKe0

Erratum to: Males have Inferior Achilles Tendon Material Properties Compared to Females in a Rodent Model

http://ift.tt/2drQsZE


http://ift.tt/2dwkxwF

The Driving Mechanism for Unidirectional Blood Flow in the Tubular Embryonic Heart

Abstract

The embryonic heart of vertebrate embryos, including humans, has a tubular thick-wall structure when it first starts to beat. The tubular embryonic heart (TEH) does not have valves, and yet, it produces an effective unidirectional blood flow. The actual pumping mechanism of the TEH is still controversial with pros and cons for either peristaltic pumping (PP) or impedance pumping (IP). On the other hand, observation of movies of the contractile TEH of the quail revealed a propagating wave from the venous end towards the arterial end that occludes the lumen behind the leading edge. This pattern of contraction represents a complex PP with a duty cycle, and was defined here as biological pumping (BP). In this work we developed a heart-like model that represents the main features of the chick TEH and allows for numerical analysis of all the three pumping mechanisms (i.e., IP, PP, and BP) as well as a comprehensive sensitivity evaluation of the structural, operating, and mechanical parameters. The physical model also included components representing the whole circulatory system of the TEH. The simulations results revealed that the BP mechanism yielded the level and time-dependent pattern of blood flow and blood pressure, as well as contractility that were observed in experiments.

http://ift.tt/2cQc7NP


http://ift.tt/2cGilMX

To image or not to image? A cost-effectiveness analysis of MRI for patients with asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss

Objectives/Hypothesis

Our objective was to perform an economic analysis evaluating whether ordering a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cost-effective practice in the workup of undifferentiated asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL). Use of T1 gadolinium-weighted MR (GdT1W) and T2 weighted MR without contrast (T2MR) was each examined.

Methods

The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of MR imaging among ASNHL patients was evaluated using a decision tree. We calculated what the probability of having a cerebellopontine angle/internal auditory canal lesion would have to be to make MR more cost-effective than observation. The decision pathways included observation, GdT1W, and T2MR. The probability of detecting a lesion and associated costs were employed in constructing our tree. Missing a mass in the observation branch was considered to have an effectiveness of 0. The costs and probabilities were extracted from previously published studies.

Results

The ICERs of pursuing GdT1W and T2MR were $27,660 and $15,943, respectively, both below the widely accepted willingness to pay (WTP) thresholds of $30,000 and $50,000. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulations for GdT1W showed that it is more cost-effective than no imaging, with 54.4% and 83.5% certainty at $30,000 and $50,000 WTP thresholds. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulations for T2MR showed that it is more cost-effective than no imaging, with 75.2% and 92.6% certainty at $30,000 and $50,000 WTP thresholds.

Conclusion

This economic evaluation strongly supports pursuing MRI in patients with documented ASNHL as a cost-effective strategy. Both GdT1W and T2MR are more cost-effective than observation. Furthermore, noncontrast T2 imaging may be the more cost-effective modality of these two techniques.

Level of Evidence

2c. Laryngoscope, 2016

http://ift.tt/2dwctr3


http://ift.tt/2dbxuJl

The effect of oral positioning on the hypopharyngeal airway

Objectives

It is generally assumed that mouth opening decreases the hypopharyngeal cross-sectional area (HA) and that tongue protrusion (TP) increases the HA. We hypothesize that a substantial number of patients do not exhibit this expected pattern.

Study Design

Prospective cohort conducted at a tertiary academic center.

Methods

With a flexible fiberoptic scope in position, the hypopharyngeal airway was visualized and assessed in 189 patients with the mouth closed. Patients were then asked to open the mouth with the tongue in neutral position (MOTN) to determine the effect on the airway. The same methodology was used to compare the airway with the MOTN versus TP. Basic demographics, including age, gender, body mass index, and presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), were collected. Student t test, Mantel-Haenszel chi-square, and Cochran-Armitage analyses were assessed for significant relationships and trends with oral positions.

Results

Although mean HA decreased with MOTN (P < 0.0001), 33% of patients exhibited an increase in HA. Similarly, mean HA increased with TP (P = 0.0018); however, 38% of patients demonstrated a decrease in HA. There was no significant relationship in HA between OSA and non-OSA patients. For those with OSA, increasing severity trended toward a higher incidence of smaller HA with TP (P = 0.038).

Conclusion

The airway is typically most obstructed with mouth opening (MOTN) and most patent with tongue protrusion (TP). Nevertheless, hypopharyngeal changes with MOTN and TP followed a paradoxical pattern in one-third of our population. This may have implications in patient selection for targeted OSA treatment.

Level of Evidence

IV. Laryngoscope, 2016

http://ift.tt/2dc7lNw


http://ift.tt/2dzPyiO

Differentiation of five enterohepatic Helicobacter species by nested PCR with high-resolution melting curve analysis

Abstract

Background

Enterohepatic Helicobacter species (EHS) are widespread in rodent species around the world. Several studies have demonstrated that infection with EHS can interfere with the outcomes of animal experiments in cancer research and significantly influence the study results. Therefore, it is essential to establish a rapid detection and identification of EHS for biomedical research using laboratory rodents. Our study aimed to develop a rapid and sensitive method to detect and distinguish five enterohepatic Helicobacter species.

Materials and Methods

Nested PCR followed by high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRM) was developed for identification of H. bilis, H. rodentium, H. muridarum, H. typhlonius, as well as H. hepaticus. To validate the accuracy of nested PCR-HRM analysis, quantitative real-time PCR methods for five different enterohepatic Helicobacter species were developed. A total of 50 cecal samples were tested using both nested PCR-HRM analysis and qPCR method.

Results

The nested PCR-HRM method could distinguish five enterohepatic Helicobacter species by different melting temperatures. The melting curve were characterized by peaks of 78.7 ± 0.12°C for H. rodentium, 80.51 ± 0.09°C for H. bilis, 81.6 ± 0.1°C for H. typhlonius, 82.11 ± 0.18°C for H. muridarum, and 82.95 ± 0.09°C for H. hepaticus.

Conclusions

The nested PCR-HRM assay is a simple, rapid, and cost-effective assay. This assay could be a useful tool for molecular epidemiology study of enterohepatic Helicobacter infection and an attractive alternative for genotyping of enterohepatic Helicobacter species.

http://ift.tt/2dw2BxI


http://ift.tt/2dbWUJU

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) silencing in Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric epithelium

Abstract

Background

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection induces methylation silencing of specific genes in gastric epithelium. Various stimuli activate the nonselective cation channel TRPV4, which is expressed in gastric epithelium where it detects mechanical stimuli and promotes ATP release. As CpG islands in TRPV4 are methylated in HP-infected gastric epithelium, we evaluated HP infection-dependent changes in TRPV4 expression in gastric epithelium.

Materials and Methods

Human gastric biopsy samples, a human gastric cancer cell line (AGS), and a normal gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) were used to detect TRPV4 mRNA and protein expression by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Ca²⁺ imaging was used to evaluate TRPV4 ion channel activity. TRPV4 methylation status was assessed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). ATP release was measured by a luciferin-luciferase assay.

Results

TRPV4 mRNA and protein were detected in human gastric biopsy samples and in GES-1 cells. MSP and demethylation assays showed TRPV4 methylation silencing in AGS cells. HP coculture directly induced methylation silencing of TRPV4 in GES-1 cells. In human samples, HP infection was associated with TRPV4 methylation silencing that recovered after HP eradication in a time-dependent manner.

Conclusion

HP infection-dependent DNA methylation suppressed TRPV4 expression in human gastric epithelia, suggesting that TRPV4 methylation may be involved in HP-associated dyspepsia.

http://ift.tt/2dbWlQr


http://ift.tt/2dw41bi

Books & journal articles in Otorhinolaryngology

	Partner with Springer			Springer Otorhinolaryngology
	Want to give your findings a global audience? At Springer you'll find a home. We make sure that you get the support you need to publish your findings – and after publication, we offer the tools to track how your work is received - whether it's a journal article, a book chapter or a book. Let us walk you through our impressive list of Author Tools and Benefits ... and enjoy browsing through highly downloaded publications. Sincerely, Your Springer Editorial Team Book Highlights Ferraro's Fundamentals of Maxillofacial Surgery Manual of Head and Neck Reconstruction Using..... Practical Medical and Surgical Management of..... Manual of Otologic Surgery Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck Atlas of Surgical Approaches to Paranasal...... Enjoy browsing all books in otorhinolaryngology. Journal Article Highlights The Influence of Food Texture and Liquid Consistency Modification on Swallowing Physiology and Function: A Systematic Review  published open access in Dysphagia New treatment strategies for HPV-positive head and neck cancer  published in European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head & Neck Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Carcinoma of the Esophagus April 2012 edited by the Japan Esophageal Society  published open access in Esophagus European position paper on drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE)  published in Sleep and Breathing The Role of Extracapsular Dissection for Benign Parotid Tumors published inCurrent Otorhinolaryngology Reports Deafness, a Social Stigma: Physician Perspective published in the Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Open access articles are freely available online on a permanent basis and all other articles have been made freely available until November 13. Our Key Journals Submit your manuscript using the "Submit Online" button on the right hand side of the journal's product page. . Dysphagia European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Sleep and Breathing Esophagus Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Browse all journals in otorhinolaryngology. All news on our otorhinolaryngology program at a glance. Your Advantages - Author Tools and Benefits Springer adds value to your manuscript: How to publish? Step by step. Your Open Access options for any journal article or book: it's Your Choice. eProofing for journal articles, book chapters or entire books: Accelerate the proofing process and avoid typesetting errors. . Citation Alert: Track the citations for journal articles and book chapters. Altmetric Data: Track the impact of your journal article on the social web. Bookmetrix - Explore the impact of your book: you'll find a comprehensive overview of the reach, usage, readership and more for your book or chapter. . Our authors save 40% on all purchases in Springer's Web Shop. All benefits at a glance: Publish with Springer - Publish with confidence. While you'll submit your journal article directly online, we look forward to hearing from you personally when it comes to any book project or any questions you may have. Get in touch with us! Sincerely, Your Springer Editorial Team Follow us  @ClinMedJournals @SpringerClinMed for our book program

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2dpzH50

Books & journal articles in Otorhinolaryngology

	Partner with Springer			Springer Otorhinolaryngology
	Want to give your findings a global audience? At Springer you'll find a home. We make sure that you get the support you need to publish your findings – and after publication, we offer the tools to track how your work is received - whether it's a journal article, a book chapter or a book. Let us walk you through our impressive list of Author Tools and Benefits ... and enjoy browsing through highly downloaded publications. Sincerely, Your Springer Editorial Team Book Highlights Ferraro's Fundamentals of Maxillofacial Surgery Manual of Head and Neck Reconstruction Using..... Practical Medical and Surgical Management of..... Manual of Otologic Surgery Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck Atlas of Surgical Approaches to Paranasal...... Enjoy browsing all books in otorhinolaryngology. Journal Article Highlights The Influence of Food Texture and Liquid Consistency Modification on Swallowing Physiology and Function: A Systematic Review  published open access in Dysphagia New treatment strategies for HPV-positive head and neck cancer  published in European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head & Neck Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Carcinoma of the Esophagus April 2012 edited by the Japan Esophageal Society  published open access in Esophagus European position paper on drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE)  published in Sleep and Breathing The Role of Extracapsular Dissection for Benign Parotid Tumors published inCurrent Otorhinolaryngology Reports Deafness, a Social Stigma: Physician Perspective published in the Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Open access articles are freely available online on a permanent basis and all other articles have been made freely available until November 13. Our Key Journals Submit your manuscript using the "Submit Online" button on the right hand side of the journal's product page. . Dysphagia European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Sleep and Breathing Esophagus Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Browse all journals in otorhinolaryngology. All news on our otorhinolaryngology program at a glance. Your Advantages - Author Tools and Benefits Springer adds value to your manuscript: How to publish? Step by step. Your Open Access options for any journal article or book: it's Your Choice. eProofing for journal articles, book chapters or entire books: Accelerate the proofing process and avoid typesetting errors. . Citation Alert: Track the citations for journal articles and book chapters. Altmetric Data: Track the impact of your journal article on the social web. Bookmetrix - Explore the impact of your book: you'll find a comprehensive overview of the reach, usage, readership and more for your book or chapter. . Our authors save 40% on all purchases in Springer's Web Shop. All benefits at a glance: Publish with Springer - Publish with confidence. While you'll submit your journal article directly online, we look forward to hearing from you personally when it comes to any book project or any questions you may have. Get in touch with us! Sincerely, Your Springer Editorial Team Follow us  @ClinMedJournals @SpringerClinMed for our book program

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2derwrX

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

JOURNAL HOME      |         RSS      |      SUBSCRIBE TO JOURNAL     Editorial     The Perfect Match  Michael Miloro      Letters to the Editor     Patient-Centered Measures of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Quality  Arthur H. Friedlander, Earl G. Freymiller, Alan L. Felsenfeld      Comment on "Case Reports of Two Unusual Donor Site Complications of the Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap and Literature Review" by Beomjune Kim, Arshad Kaleem, and Waleed Zaid  Ayat Allah Oufkir, Rida Chadli, Mouad Kajout, Mohammed Noureddine El Amine El Alami      In Reply  Beomjune Kim, Arshad Kaleem, Waleed Zaid      Clinical Focus     Antibiotics and Mandibular Fracture Update  Edward Ellis III      Endocarditis and Orthopedic Antibiotic Prophylaxis  John H. Campbell      Dentoalveolar Surgery     Relocation of Infrapositioned Ankylosed Teeth: Description of Orthodontic Bone Stretching and Case Series  Philippe Bousquet, Christèle Artz, Matthieu Renaud, Pierre Canal      Anesthesia/Facial Pain     Most American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Members Have Not Adopted the American Society of Anesthesiologists–Recommended Nil Per Os Guidelines  Robert E. Johnson III, Pasquale P. Eckert, William Gilmore, Archana Viswanath, Matthew Finkelman, Morton B. Rosenberg      Inhalation of 50% Oxygen Does Not Impair Respiratory Depression During Midazolam Sedation  Aya Ninomiya, Nobuyuki Matsuura, Tatsuya Ichinohe      Quantifying Synovial Enhancement of the Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint  Zachary S. Peacock, Pouya Vakilian, Paul Caruso, Cory M. Resnick, Mark Vangel, Leonard B. Kaban      Comparison of the Effects of Daily Single-Dose Use of Flurbiprofen, Diclofenac Sodium, and Tenoxicam on Postoperative Pain, Swelling, and Trismus: A Randomized Double-Blind Study  Volkan Kaplan, Cennet Neslihan Eroğlu      Suprazygomatic Access for Continuous Bilateral Mandibular Nerve Block for Pain and Trismus Relief in the Tetraplegic Patient  Mikhail A. Dziadzko, Fabrice Heritier      Report of 2 Cases of Oropharyngeal Injury With the Use of Video Laryngoscopy Techniques  Bradford Huffman, Suvikram Puri, Henry Heyman, Vikas Kumar, Solon Kao      Dental Implants     Survival and Complications of Zygomatic Implants: An Updated Systematic Review  Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic, Tomas Albrektsson, Ann Wennerberg      Changes in Peri-Implant Bone Level and Effect of Potential Influential Factors on Dental Implants in Irradiated and Nonirradiated Patients Following Multimodal Therapy Due to Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Study  Nicole Ernst, Claudia Sachse, Jan D. Raguse, Carmen Stromberger, Katja Nelson, Susanne Nahles      Pathology     Does the Excision of Overlying Oral Mucosa Reduce the Recurrence Rate in the Treatment of the Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, M. Anthony Pogrel, Edward Ellis III      Fibrous Dysplasia and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw  Tarek Metwally, Andrea Burke, Jeffrey Y. Tsai, Michael T. Collins, Alison M. Boyce     Linear Epidermal Nevus: A Case Report With Oral and Facial Manifestations  Christopher Maly, Heather Olmo, Steven Stokes, Hank Cole      Unusual Presentation of an Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Metastasizing to the Mandible, Including Molecular Analysis and a Review of the Literature  Sibel Elif Gultekin, Burcu Senguven, Ipek Isik Gonul, Begum Okur, Reinhard Buettner      Craniomaxillofacial Trauma     Limiting Antibiotics When Managing Mandible Fractures May Not Increase Infection Risk  Austin Gaal, Ben Bailey, Yogi Patel, Nicholas Smiley, Thomas Dodson, Daniel Kim, Jasjit Dillon      Does a Retromandibular Transparotid Approach for the Open Treatment of Condylar Fractures Result in Facial Nerve Injury?  Takahiro Kanno, Shintaro Sukegawa, Hiroto Tatsumi, Masaaki Karino, Yoshiki Nariai, Eiji Nakatani, Yoshihiko Furuki, Joji Sekine      Craniomaxillofacial Deformities/Cosmetic Surgery     Morbidity and Mortality Rates After Maxillomandibular Advancement for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea  Luis A. Passeri, James G. Choi, Leonard B. Kaban, Edward T. Lahey III      Is Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction a Viable Option in the Surgical Management of Adult Patients With Idiopathic Condylar Resorption?  Pushkar Mehra, Mohammed Nadershah, Radhika Chigurupati      A Comparison of Vascularity, Bone Mineral Density Distribution, and Histomorphometrics in an Isogenic Versus an Outbred Murine Model of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis  Edward G. Carey, Sagar S. Deshpande, Alexander R. Zheutlin, Noah S. Nelson, Alexis Donneys, Stephen Y. Kang, Kathleen K. Gallagher, Peter A. Felice, Catherine N. Tchanque-Fossuo, Steven R. Buchman      Is Counterclockwise Rotation of the Maxillomandibular Complex Stable Compared With Clockwise Rotation in the Correction of Dentofacial Deformities? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, Larry M. Wolford      Surgical Oncology and Reconstruction     Dysphagia in Tongue Cancer Patients Before and After Surgery  Zhuo-shan Huang, Wei-liang Chen, Zhi-quan Huang, Zhao-hui Yang      Risk Factors for Pedicle Flap Complications in 251 Elderly Chinese Patients Who Underwent Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction  Zao Fang, Zhuowei Tian, Chenping Zhang, Jian Sun, Jingzhou Hu, Yue He      Correlation of Lymph Node Density With Negative Outcome Predictors in Oral and Maxillofacial Squamous Cell Carcinoma  Roderick Youngdo Kim, Brent Benson Ward, Hans C. Brockhoff II, Joseph I. Helman, Thomas M. Braun, Christos A. Skouteris      Mandibular Access Osteotomy for Tumor Ablation: Could a More Tissue-Preserving Technique Affect Healing Outcome?  Martin Bengtsson, Mikael Korduner, Vanessa Campbell, Philip Fransson, Jonas Becktor      Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: Is It a High-Grade Malignancy?  Peng Ye, Yan Gao, Chi Mao, Chuan-Bin Guo, Guang-Yan Yu, Xin Peng      Erratum     Erratum      News and Announcements     News and Announcements      Frontmatter     Masthead      Editorial Board Page      Table of Contents      AAOMS Author Disclosure forms

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2dpzGhK

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

JOURNAL HOME      |         RSS      |      SUBSCRIBE TO JOURNAL     Editorial     The Perfect Match  Michael Miloro      Letters to the Editor     Patient-Centered Measures of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Quality  Arthur H. Friedlander, Earl G. Freymiller, Alan L. Felsenfeld      Comment on "Case Reports of Two Unusual Donor Site Complications of the Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap and Literature Review" by Beomjune Kim, Arshad Kaleem, and Waleed Zaid  Ayat Allah Oufkir, Rida Chadli, Mouad Kajout, Mohammed Noureddine El Amine El Alami      In Reply  Beomjune Kim, Arshad Kaleem, Waleed Zaid      Clinical Focus     Antibiotics and Mandibular Fracture Update  Edward Ellis III      Endocarditis and Orthopedic Antibiotic Prophylaxis  John H. Campbell      Dentoalveolar Surgery     Relocation of Infrapositioned Ankylosed Teeth: Description of Orthodontic Bone Stretching and Case Series  Philippe Bousquet, Christèle Artz, Matthieu Renaud, Pierre Canal      Anesthesia/Facial Pain     Most American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Members Have Not Adopted the American Society of Anesthesiologists–Recommended Nil Per Os Guidelines  Robert E. Johnson III, Pasquale P. Eckert, William Gilmore, Archana Viswanath, Matthew Finkelman, Morton B. Rosenberg      Inhalation of 50% Oxygen Does Not Impair Respiratory Depression During Midazolam Sedation  Aya Ninomiya, Nobuyuki Matsuura, Tatsuya Ichinohe      Quantifying Synovial Enhancement of the Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint  Zachary S. Peacock, Pouya Vakilian, Paul Caruso, Cory M. Resnick, Mark Vangel, Leonard B. Kaban      Comparison of the Effects of Daily Single-Dose Use of Flurbiprofen, Diclofenac Sodium, and Tenoxicam on Postoperative Pain, Swelling, and Trismus: A Randomized Double-Blind Study  Volkan Kaplan, Cennet Neslihan Eroğlu      Suprazygomatic Access for Continuous Bilateral Mandibular Nerve Block for Pain and Trismus Relief in the Tetraplegic Patient  Mikhail A. Dziadzko, Fabrice Heritier      Report of 2 Cases of Oropharyngeal Injury With the Use of Video Laryngoscopy Techniques  Bradford Huffman, Suvikram Puri, Henry Heyman, Vikas Kumar, Solon Kao      Dental Implants     Survival and Complications of Zygomatic Implants: An Updated Systematic Review  Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic, Tomas Albrektsson, Ann Wennerberg      Changes in Peri-Implant Bone Level and Effect of Potential Influential Factors on Dental Implants in Irradiated and Nonirradiated Patients Following Multimodal Therapy Due to Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Study  Nicole Ernst, Claudia Sachse, Jan D. Raguse, Carmen Stromberger, Katja Nelson, Susanne Nahles      Pathology     Does the Excision of Overlying Oral Mucosa Reduce the Recurrence Rate in the Treatment of the Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, M. Anthony Pogrel, Edward Ellis III      Fibrous Dysplasia and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw  Tarek Metwally, Andrea Burke, Jeffrey Y. Tsai, Michael T. Collins, Alison M. Boyce     Linear Epidermal Nevus: A Case Report With Oral and Facial Manifestations  Christopher Maly, Heather Olmo, Steven Stokes, Hank Cole      Unusual Presentation of an Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Metastasizing to the Mandible, Including Molecular Analysis and a Review of the Literature  Sibel Elif Gultekin, Burcu Senguven, Ipek Isik Gonul, Begum Okur, Reinhard Buettner      Craniomaxillofacial Trauma     Limiting Antibiotics When Managing Mandible Fractures May Not Increase Infection Risk  Austin Gaal, Ben Bailey, Yogi Patel, Nicholas Smiley, Thomas Dodson, Daniel Kim, Jasjit Dillon      Does a Retromandibular Transparotid Approach for the Open Treatment of Condylar Fractures Result in Facial Nerve Injury?  Takahiro Kanno, Shintaro Sukegawa, Hiroto Tatsumi, Masaaki Karino, Yoshiki Nariai, Eiji Nakatani, Yoshihiko Furuki, Joji Sekine      Craniomaxillofacial Deformities/Cosmetic Surgery     Morbidity and Mortality Rates After Maxillomandibular Advancement for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea  Luis A. Passeri, James G. Choi, Leonard B. Kaban, Edward T. Lahey III      Is Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction a Viable Option in the Surgical Management of Adult Patients With Idiopathic Condylar Resorption?  Pushkar Mehra, Mohammed Nadershah, Radhika Chigurupati      A Comparison of Vascularity, Bone Mineral Density Distribution, and Histomorphometrics in an Isogenic Versus an Outbred Murine Model of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis  Edward G. Carey, Sagar S. Deshpande, Alexander R. Zheutlin, Noah S. Nelson, Alexis Donneys, Stephen Y. Kang, Kathleen K. Gallagher, Peter A. Felice, Catherine N. Tchanque-Fossuo, Steven R. Buchman      Is Counterclockwise Rotation of the Maxillomandibular Complex Stable Compared With Clockwise Rotation in the Correction of Dentofacial Deformities? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, Larry M. Wolford      Surgical Oncology and Reconstruction     Dysphagia in Tongue Cancer Patients Before and After Surgery  Zhuo-shan Huang, Wei-liang Chen, Zhi-quan Huang, Zhao-hui Yang      Risk Factors for Pedicle Flap Complications in 251 Elderly Chinese Patients Who Underwent Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction  Zao Fang, Zhuowei Tian, Chenping Zhang, Jian Sun, Jingzhou Hu, Yue He      Correlation of Lymph Node Density With Negative Outcome Predictors in Oral and Maxillofacial Squamous Cell Carcinoma  Roderick Youngdo Kim, Brent Benson Ward, Hans C. Brockhoff II, Joseph I. Helman, Thomas M. Braun, Christos A. Skouteris      Mandibular Access Osteotomy for Tumor Ablation: Could a More Tissue-Preserving Technique Affect Healing Outcome?  Martin Bengtsson, Mikael Korduner, Vanessa Campbell, Philip Fransson, Jonas Becktor      Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: Is It a High-Grade Malignancy?  Peng Ye, Yan Gao, Chi Mao, Chuan-Bin Guo, Guang-Yan Yu, Xin Peng      Erratum     Erratum      News and Announcements     News and Announcements      Frontmatter     Masthead      Editorial Board Page      Table of Contents      AAOMS Author Disclosure forms

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

http://ift.tt/2d0DjXT