Abstract
Background
Oral functioning and rehabilitation in patients after condylar trauma can be measured by objective functional outcomes and patient-reported outcomes. The similarities or differences between these outcomes may contribute to the decision if open treatment (OT) or closed treatment (CT) will obtain the most advantageous results.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare OT versus CT for unilateral condylar mandibular neck or base fractures in a two-center controlled clinical trial by objective functional outcomes and patient-reported outcomes measured at six weeks and six months follow-up. Additionally, these outcomes were compared within each group.
Methods
Patients were enrolled between January 2017 and November 2019. In one center patients received OT by extra-oral open reduction and internal fixation. In another center patients received CT by maxillomandibular fixation. Objective measurements included the mixing ability test (MAT) and mandibular active range of motion (ROM). Patient-reported outcomes included the mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine differences between the treatment groups at six weeks and six months follow-up. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used to determine differences within each group.
Results
Thirty-three patients were enrolled. No differences were found between the groups treated with OT or CT for MAT, ROM, MFIQ and VAS. Both groups showed functional improvement.
Conclusion
Good objective functional outcomes and patient-reported outcomes were achieved with both OT and CT in patients with unilateral condylar mandibular neck or base fractures.
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