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CORRESPONDENCE
Health Systems Can Play a Pivotal Role in Supporting Antimicrobial Stewardship
Mohamad G. Fakih, Roy Guharoy, Ann Hendrich, and Ziad Haydar
Clin Infect Dis published 30 August 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw596
Coexistence of MCR-1 and NDM-1 in Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates
Beiwen Zheng, Huihui Dong, Hao Xu, Jifang Lv, Jing Zhang, Xiawei Jiang, Yu Du, Yonghong Xiao, and Lanjuan Li
Clin Infect Dis published 9 August 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw553
BRIEF REPORT
Clinical outcomes, drug toxicity and emergence of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance among patients treated for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections
Ryan K. Shields, Brian A. Potoski, Ghady Haidar, Binghua Hao, Yohei Doi, Liang Chen, Ellen G. Press, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Cornelius J. Clancy, and M. Hong Nguyen
Clin Infect Dis published 13 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw636
EDITORIAL COMMENTARY
Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: "We're Gonna Need a Bigger Boat"
Brad Spellberg and Robert A. Bonomo
Clin Infect Dis published 13 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw639
MAJOR ARTICLE
Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Characterization of Pertactin-deficient and Pertactin-producing Bordetella pertussis in Children, Philadelphia 2007 – 2014
Jennifer Vodzak, Anne Marie Queenan, Emily Souder, Alan T. Evangelista, and Sarah S. Long
Clin Infect Dis published 13 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw632
In a cohort of predominantly unimmunized infants, clinical disease was not different for infection with pertactin-deficient or pertactin-producing B. pertussis. Molecular analyses demonstrated remarkable strain diversity of PFGE types as well as multiple mechanisms and molecular sites of pertactin inactivation.
Effectiveness of prenatal versus postpartum Tdap vaccination in preventing infant pertussis
Kathleen Winter, Steve Nickell, Michael Powell, and Kathleen Harriman
Clin Infect Dis published 13 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw634
This is the first known study in the U.S. demonstrating that prenatal Tdap vaccination prevents pertussis in infants. This strategy was 85% more effective than postpartum vaccination at preventing pertussis in infants <8 weeks of age, receipt between 27-36 gestation was optimal.
Effectiveness of prenatal Tdap vaccination on pertussis severity in infants
Kathleen Winter, James D. Cherry, and Kathleen Harriman
Clin Infect Dis published 13 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw633
This study demonstrates that prenatal Tdap vaccination reduces severity of disease in infants who are infected with pertussis; prenatal Tdap vaccination was 58% (95% CI: 15%-80%) effective in preventing hospitalization and lowered risk of ICU admission among infants with pertussis.
Cardiovascular disease risk prediction in the HIV Outpatient Study
Angela M. Thompson-Paul, Kenneth A. Lichtenstein, Carl Armon, Frank J. Palella, Jr., Jacek Skarbinski, Joan S. Chmiel, Rachel Hart, Stanley C. Wei, Fleetwood Loustalot, John T. Brooks, and Kate Buchacz
Clin Infect Dis published 9 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw615
HIV-infected persons are at increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Current prediction equations fail to adequately predict CVD risk and should be recalibrated or modified to improve accuracy among U.S. HIV-infected adults. Among those at highest CVD risk, less than half report statin and/or aspirin use.
Case-Control Study of Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Older Adults, United States, 2010–2011
Fiona Havers, Leslie Sokolow, David K. Shay, Monica M. Farley, Maya Monroe, James Meek, Pam Daily Kirley, Nancy M. Bennett, Craig Morin, Deborah Aragon, Ann Thomas, William Schaffner, Shelley M. Zansky, Joan Baumbach, Jill Ferdinands, and Alicia M. Fry
Clin Infect Dis published 2 August 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw512
Our case-control study findings suggest that, during 2010–2011, seasonal influenza vaccination reduced the risk of influenza-associated hospitalizations by >50% among adults aged ≥50 years. Even in those aged ≥75 years, vaccination was significantly effective in preventing influenza hospitalizations.
Effects of Corticosteroids on Critically Ill Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure: A Propensity Analysis of Mortality
Ji Young Yang, Minkyu Han, Younsuck Koh, Woo-Sung Kim, Jin-Woo Song, Yeon-Mok Oh, Sang-Do Lee, Sei Won Lee, Jae-Seung Lee, Chae-Man Lim, Chang-Min Choi, Jin-Won Huh, Sang-Bum Hong, Tae Sun Shim, and Kyung-Wook Jo
Clin Infect Dis published 8 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw616
Corticosteroids could be a viable adjuvant therapy for critically ill pulmonary tuberculosis patients with acute respiratory failure because this treatment seemed to reduce the 90-day mortality in our study group.
Immediate antiretroviral therapy reduces risk of infection-related cancer during early HIV infection
Álvaro H. Borges, Jacqueline Neuhaus, Abdel G. Babiker, Keith Henry, Mamta K. Jain, Adrian Palfreeman, Peter Mugyenyi, Pere Domingo, Christian Hoffmann, Tim R.H. Read, Sanjay Pujari, Michael Meulbroek, Margaret Johnson, Timothy Wilkin, Ronald Mitsuyasu, for the INSIGHT START Study Group
Clin Infect Dis published 8 September 2016, 10.1093/cid/ciw621
In START, immediate cART initiation reduced risk of infection-related cancer by 74% and infection-unrelated cancer by 51%. Adjustment for potential mediators, such as HIV RNA, appeared to attenuate HRs of immediate/deferred cART for infection-unrelated cancer more than infection-related cancer. cART benefit in reducing cancer risk may be mediated by mechanisms beyond HIV suppression.
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