Clinical and radiographic evaluation of amnion chorion membrane and demineralized bone matrix putty allograft for management of periodontal intrabony defects: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

The aim of this trial was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of amnion chorion membrane (ACM) with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in a putty form in management of periodontal intrabony defects. Twenty-two participants with severe chronic periodontitis and intrabony defects, were randomly assigned in two equal parallel groups. Each group was treated with open flap debridement (OFD) and ACM or OFD and DBM putty. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographic measurement of bone defect area (BDA) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Both ACM and DBM putty demonstrated significant improvement in all clinical and radiographic outcomes at 6 months compared to baseline values. However, no significant difference was observed between the two treatment modalities when compared at different time intervals. Six months postoperatively, ACM showed 3.18 ± 0.85 mm, PD reduction and 2.25 ± 0.75 mm CAL gain, while DBM putty revealed 3.45 ± 1.08 mm PD reduction and 2.73 ± 0.85 mm CAL gain. Radiographic assessment showed that mean baseline BDA for ACM group was 10.39 ± 3.86 mm², which significantly reduced to 5.21 ± 2.38 after 6 months. Mean BDA mm² in DBM putty group also significantly improved after 6 months, 5.35 ± 3.63 mm² when compared to baseline values 9.80 ± 5.77 mm². Both ACM barrier and DBM putty allograft provided significant improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes after 6 months, yet no significant differences were noticed between them. This trial implied that both biomaterials have a potential regenerative capacity in treating periodontal intrabony defects.

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